Conclusions:
HIV infection is of major public health importance in the EU/EEA, with no clear signs of overall decrease.

• During the past decade (2005-2014) there have been important epidemiological changes in HIV diagnoses in the EU/EEA:
• Sex between men accounted for the majority of cases diagnosed in 2014 (42%) and is increasing
• Heterosexual cases declined, driven by a decline among those from countries with generalised HIV epidemics
• Still, 37% of HIV diagnoses in 2014 were among people originating from outside the reporting country
• HIV cases attributed to injecting drug use declined over the last decade, despite the increase in two countries due to localised outbreaks

Nearly half (47%) of persons diagnosed had a CD4 cell count of <350/mm3 at diagnosis.

Evidence-based HIV prevention interventions tailored to the local epidemiological context and targeted at those most at risk should be sustained and scaled-up.

• Programmes for men who have sex with men should be a cornerstone of HIV prevention in all EU/EEA countries
• Given the high proportion of HIV cases among migrants in many EU/EEA countries, and evidence of post-migration HIV-acquisition, migrant-sensitive prevention services are crucial
• Keeping harm reduction levels high will continue to prevent HIV among people who inject drugs
• Expansion of HIV counselling and testing will ensure early diagnosis and access to treatment; this will reduce the number of late presenters and improve treatment outcomes.